====== General fallacies ======

Generally fallacious ways of thinking that (often) lead to wrong results.

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**Note:** These sections are the targets of a larger restructuring of the site. The articles and the structure here is still a "work in progress" and subject to change. If anything seems off, that's probably because we are working on it and it might look different when you come back later...
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<h4>[[abstraction:index|(Fallacies of) Abstraction]]</h4>
The use of terms and concepts at an unjustified level of abstraction. 
  * [[abstraction:anthropomorphisation|Anthropomorphization]]
  * [[abstraction:objectification|Objectification (of humans)]]
  * [[abstraction:ontological_fallacy|Ontological fallacy]]
  * [[abstraction:reification|Reification]]
  * [[abstraction:semiotic_fallacy|Semiotic fallacy]]
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<h4>[[ambiguity:index|(Fallacies of) Ambiguity]]</h4>
Misconceptions that can arise because something can be interpreted in more than one way.
  * [[ambiguity:intensional_fallacy|Intensional fallacy]]
  * [[ambiguity:syntactic:index|Syntactic ambiguity]]
    * [[ambiguity:syntactic:generic_generalization|Generic generalisation]]
  * [[ambiguity:motte-and-bailey|Motte-and-Bailey fallacy]]
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<h4>[[generalization:index|(Fallacies of) Generalization]]</h4>
Various forms of fallacies, where conclusions are drawn on the basis of inaccurate or insufficient information, or where general statements are illicitly applied to specific situations. 
  * [[generalization:accident_fallacy|Accident fallacy]]
  * [[generalization:hasty|Hasty generalization]]
  * [[generalization:mereological_fallacy|Mereological fallacy]]
  * [[generalization:naturalistic_fallacy|Naturalistic fallacy]]
  * [[generalization:overwhelming_exception|Overwhelming exception]]
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<h4>[[relevancy:index|(Fallacies of) Relevancy]]</h4>
Arguments or forms of reasoning that seem plausible at first glance, but which may not actually contribute to the evaluation of a proposed position.
  * [[relevancy:fallacy-fallacy|Fallacy-Fallacy]] (<i :la>Argumentum ad Logicam</i>)
  * [[relevancy:authority:index|Appeal to authority]]
  * [[relevancy:false_dichotomy|False dichotomy]]
  * <i :la>[[relevancy:petitio_principii|Petitio principii]]</i> ("presuppose what is yet to be proved")
  * [[relevancy:wishful_thinking:index|Wishful thinking]]
    * [[relevancy:wishful_thinking:arrival_fallacy|Arrival fallacy]]
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<h4>[[paralogisms:index|Paralogisms]]</h4>
This section is under construction...
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FIXME **These sections are still work inprogress and are regularly updated and expanded.**